据特朗普政府高级官员透露，在美国和加拿大未能达成贸易协议后，美国总统特朗普针对部分加拿大商品征收的50%关税于周六凌晨正式生效。

　　这些新关税涵盖了从曲棍球杆到葡萄酒等数十种产品，于美国东部时间周六凌晨0点01分正式实施。

　　美加双方官员均指责对方导致贸易谈判破裂。美国贸易代表贾米森·格里尔在一份声明中表示：“今晚，加拿大拒绝在本周早些时候商定的条款下最终敲定贸易协议。尽管美国已提出给予加拿大作为主要出口国所能获得的最优待遇，但加拿大提出的新要求和对其他承诺的撤回，打破了双方在过去几天达成的微妙平衡。”他还补充道：“此外，加拿大继续对美国维持长期的报复措施，其中包括对某些美国商品和服务的完全禁令。”

　　周五深夜，加拿大总理马克·卡尼宣布暂停与美国的贸易谈判。他指出，美方在最后关头对提议条款做出的修改“不公平且不符合经济逻辑”。卡尼表示，50%的关税将影响约280亿美元的加拿大商品，加拿大将“等额”进行报复。总理周六在新闻发布会上表示，报复性关税将于9月8日生效，更多细节将在稍后公布。

　　总理称，由于美国谈判代表提出了对加拿大不利的要求，双方在本周的谈判宣告破裂。“他们要得太多，给得太少，”他在周六的新闻发布会上说道。卡尼指出，症结之一是美方对汽车关税水平的修改，他称这将长期损害加拿大经济。他批评特朗普政府“将经济一体化作为武器”，并表示：“我们不愿牺牲加拿大的主权或削弱我们的关键产业。”他补充道：“美国的新关税旨在伤害和分裂我们。这是一次误判，因为加拿大人永远会相互扶持。”

　　卡尼表示，加拿大的关税将重点针对钢铁、乳制品、家电、农业设备、纸浆与造纸以及电子产品。

　　此举发生在特朗普几天前因双方谈判贸易协议而推迟原定关税生效期限之后。特朗普本周早些时候宣称，美国已达成一项初步协议以解决与这一顶级贸易伙伴的争端，并表示这一突破促使他暂缓征收关税。特朗普声称，作为初步协议的一部分，加拿大对美国农产品的关税将“不复存在”。“我们农民的关税将不复存在。我们的农民曾向加拿大缴纳巨额关税，这些关税将被彻底取消至零，”特朗普指出。当被记者问及该协议是否会降低加拿大钢铝关税时，特朗普补充道：“我们正在考虑这一点。”

　　美国贸易代表办公室周二在社交平台X上回应了特朗普的声明，透露了最终协议可能包含的内容：“该协议将包括为所有美国商品提供全面的市场准入、经济安全承诺、数字贸易对齐，以及许多重要条款，这些条款将继续保护我们的市场和美国工人，以及我们的加拿大伙伴。”

　　本周早些时候，特朗普暗示该协议可能包括重启基斯通输油管道（Keystone Pipeline）的新努力，尽管该项目在因环境影响受到多年批评后已于2021年被取消。“很久以前被‘瞌睡乔’拜登扼杀的基斯通XL输油管道，可能会死而复生！”特朗普在帖子中写道。

　　与以往的关税不同，美国对加拿大的新关税将适用于符合《美墨加协定》（USMCA）自由贸易协定的产品。不过，这些关税包含重大豁免，排除了石油、天然气和钾肥等部分加拿大主要进口商品。

　　自特朗普上任以来，他与加拿大进行了断断续续的贸易谈判，旨在解决其第二任期初宣布关税所引发的争端。特朗普试图根据1930年《关税法》第338条的法律授权征收新关税，该条款允许总统对被认定在对待本国企业方面歧视美国的国家征收高达50%的关税。瑞银集团（UBS）经济学家阿比盖尔·瓦特（Abigail Watt）在一份备忘录中表示，该条款此前从未被援引过，这意味着此举缺乏司法判例。

　　Trump＇s 50% tariffs on Canada take effect as Carney vows to retaliate

　　President Donald Trump＇s 50%tariffson some Canadian goods are taking effect early Saturday morning， after the United States and Canada failed to reach a trade deal， according to senior Trump administration officials．

　　The new tariffs， targeting dozens of products from hockey sticks to wine， went into effect at 12：01 a．m． ET on Saturday．

　　Both U．S． and Canadian officials blamed the other side for the trade talks falling through．

　　＂Tonight， Canada declined to finalize the trade deal under the terms agreed earlier this week， despite the U．S． offer to Canada to receive the best treatment of any major exporter to our market， new demands and walk backs of other commitments by Canada have upended the careful balance reached in the past days，＂ U．S． Trade Representative Jamieson Greer said in a statement．

　　＂In addition， Canada is continuing to maintain its prolonged retaliation against the United States， including， among other things， flat-out prohibitions on certain American goods and services，＂ he added．

　　In an announcement late Friday night， Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney announced Canada was suspending the trade talks with the U．S．， citing what he called ＂last-minute changes＂ to U．S． proposed terms that he described as ＂unfair＂ and ＂uneconomic．＂

　　Carney said the 50% tariff would be applied to roughly $28 billion of Canadian goods and that Canada would match the U．S． ＂dollar for dollar．＂ The prime minister said Saturday during a news conference that the retaliatory tariffs would go into effect on Sept． 8 and more details will be revealed later．

　　The prime minister said that talks broke down this week after American negotiators made requests that were unfavorable to Canada．

　　＂They asked too much and offered too little，＂ he said at a Saturday press conference．

　　Carney noted that one of the sticking points was changes by the U．S． over its levels of tariffs on automobiles that he claimed would have hurt Canada＇s economy over time．

　　He criticized the Trump administration which he said ＂uses economic integration as a weapon．＂

　　＂We were not prepared to comprise Canada＇s sovereignty or undermine our key industries，＂ he said at a news conference．

　　He added， ＂The new U．S． tariffs are designed to hurt us and divide us． They are a miscalculation， because Canadians will always take care of each other．＂

　　Canada＇s tariffs will focus on steel， dairy， appliances， agricultural equipment， pulp and paper， and electronics， Carney said．

　　The move comes just days after Trumppushed backa previous deadline while the two sides negotiated a trade agreement．

　　Trump claimed earlier this week the U．S． had reached a preliminary deal to resolve a dispute with one of its top trade partners， saying the breakthrough had prompted him to issue a reprieve from the levies．

　　Due to exemptions on key goods， the tariffs were expected to hit only a fraction of U．S． imports from Canada． Still， the list of affected goods features an array of food items such as dairy products， honey， whey protein and molasses as well as alcoholic beverages like whiskey and vodka．

　　It all comes weeks after Trumpimposedsweeping new tariffs on 60 trade partners， including the European Union． Those levies ramped up an effort to reconstruct far-reaching dutiesstruck downby the Supreme Court earlier this year．

　　Earlier this week， Trump struck an optimistic tone on the trade talks， saying he had a ＂very good conversation＂ with Carney．

　　The president claimed that as part of the preliminary deal， Canadian tariffs on American agricultural goods would be ＂non-existent．＂

　　＂The tariffs will be non-existent for our farmers． Our farmers were paying tremendous tariffs into Canada． And those tariffs are going to be totally eviscerated down to zero，＂ Trump noted．

　　When later asked by a reporter whether the deal would reduce tariffs on Canadian steel and aluminum， Trump added， ＂Well， we＇re looking at that．＂

　　The U．S． trade representative＇s office on X responded to Trump＇s announcement Tuesday， providing a bit of insight into what a final deal might entail．

　　＂The deal will include comprehensive market access for all American goods， economic security commitments， digital trade alignment， and many important provisions that will continue to protect our market and American workers， along with our Canadian partners，＂ the USTR posted．

　　Earlier this week， Trump had suggested the deal might include a renewed effort to build the Keystone Pipeline despite the project being canceled in 2021 after years of criticism about the project＇s environmental impact．

　　＂Keystone XL Pipeline， long ago killed by Sleepy Joe Biden， may be awoken from the grave！＂ Trump added in the post．

　　Unlike previous tariffs， the new U．S． tariffs on Canada would have applied to products compliant with the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement， or USMCA， a free trade agreement． The levies included significant exemptions， however， leaving out some top Canadian imports such as oil， gas and potash．

　　Trump has carried out on-again， off-again trade negotiations with Canada since he took office， aiming to resolve adisputethat began with tariffs announced by Trump early in his second term．

　　Trump sought to impose the new tariffs under a legal authority enshrined in section 338 of the Tariff Act of 1930， which allows the president to enact levies up to 50% for countries found to have discriminated against the U．S． relative to their treatment of other nations．

　　The provision has never been invoked before， meaning the move lacks judicial precedent， Abigail Watt， an economist at UBS， said in a memo shared with ABC News．